Issue 48- Solidarity Ukraine- Number 2- Second breath
Bénédicte Halba (ed)
- Publication : 2026
- iriv
This Newsletter is the 2nd published in 2026 and the 48th since the beginning of the conflict. February, second month of the year sadly celebrates four years of war (2022-2026). The year started harder than the previous one with a series of major destabilizations. Number 2 is associated with the adjective “second”, like Second World War, the second child ( cadet) who comes after the elder, to the return of elements or situations signals for new start not to repeat past mistakes. Russia lost two major allies – after Syria in 2024, Venezuela. Ukraine began the year in a «state of the afterglow» faced with the procrastination of its European partners and the concern caused by the United States and a threatening “second man”. Europe attacks the year by remembering its past, January 27 reminds of the moral collapse that was the Second World War. The Nazi hatred was directed against specific communities (European Jews, Roma and Sinti). The Nazi regime persecuted these communities by using resentments inherited from the past (antisemitic hatred, racism, xenophobia...), terrorizing European societies and fragmenting them, to better manipulate them and prevent them from reacting, out of intense fear, cowardice or opportunism. The weapons of totalitarianism do not change - contamination of brains, slow poison of hatred, speech criminalizing and dehumanizing certain communities. The European Union must find a second breath to avoid a worrying return of the past.
1-Number 2
2-Secondary/ side effects in Russia
3-The shadow of the second man in Ukraine
4-Second breath in Europe









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